Fremdsprachenlernen und dessen Relevanz für den tourismussektor in der Türkei

In this study we have tried to explore the function of foreign languages in the tourism sector through a comprehensive review of literature. In the initial phase of our research activities we determined our method and the goal. Then, we discussed the general characteristics of the contemporary language teaching approaches, methods, and techniques. In doing so, we gave special importance to communicative and cross-cultural approaches and pointed out the significance of these approaches in the language teaching activities in the tourism sector. In the course of our research we investigated the following methods in a comprehensive way:A) The Grammar-Translation Method; in this method, a grammar-translation structure, which is based on rules, is used, and although this is a method helps the student to speak, we have noticed some deficiencies to complete the other aspects of the language learnt.B) The Audio-Lingual Method; we have seen that this method concentrates on listening and speaking, however, it is insufficient in terms of grammar. This also leads to difficulties in the learning and application-use of literary language.C) The Audio-Visual Method; during the processing of lesson in terms of the mentioned method, although speaking-oriented and visual materials are used, it is seen that it has some deficiencies in grammatical terms as in Audio-Lingual method, and it is not sufficient on its own in foreign language teaching.D) The Communicative Method; this method is a common one in use since the 1980s. It is a method that processes the lesson in terms of four basic skills and makes the lesson active by getting the useful parts of each of those skills, and students use their mother tongue rarely and the method teaches-makes them talk by using words in various contexts. Because of this feature it is started to take place in the curriculum of foreign language courses in recent years.E) The Intercultural Method; as in Communicative Method, this is a method that processes the lesson by using four basic skills while teaching the foreign language, and reinforces the language while dealing with traditional subjects by including society?s cultural elements (wedding, meal, marriage, etc.) into the lesson subjects.In addition, we deal with the relationship between Tourism and Foreign Language which constitutes the main subject of our research under a separate section. In this context, we put the subject forward in details under the titles below.,,Die Problematik der Definition der Fachsprache des Tourismus??: in this section, we have dealt with how the language is used in which areas of Tourism sector, and the terminological language that is used in those areas.,,Bedeutung der Fachkommunikation??: in this section, we have mentioned about the economical contribution of foreign language to tourism in international tourism sector.,,Gemeinsprache und Fachsprache?? under this title, while mentioning about the definitions and comparisons of daily language and vocational foreign language in tourism sector, especially, we have given examples of the use of the definition of Fachsprache not only in tourism sector but also in other vocational areas.,,Aspect der Definition des Tourismus??: in this section, we have focused on having different definitions of Tourism in terms of economy, science, trade and law by facilitating from various sources, and important subtitles under those definitions.,,Kommunikationsbereiche und Kommunikationspartner im Tourismus??: under this heading, the areas which foreign language is used in Tourism, and academical and commercial environments and services that are contacted with have been analyzed.,,Problematik Der Zugehörigkeit Gewisser Wörter Zur Touristischen Fachsprache bzw. Gemeinsprache??: In this section, while mentioning about the difficulty in defining Fachsprache in Tourism and the reasons of this difficulty, we have explained with examples that some words which are used in daily language might also take place under the definition of Fachsprache. Therefore, we have stated that some words which are in daily language and Fachsprache cannot be separated with certain borders. Because the concept of Tourism is an intertwined, complex service sector that can only be restricted with human?s dreams, and since various services are emerged everyday in respect of human needs, it is impossible to differentiate Fachsprache and Gemeinsprache clearly as foreign language.Consequently, in line with the above description, we have put forward that it is beneficial to process the lesson by using the two aforementioned methods; Intercultural and Communicative methods together to make the language understandable and use it fluently in daily life by comprehending totally the language learnt in Foreign Language Teaching in Tourism Sector in Turkey and in the various academical, commercial, legal, etc. areas that take place in this sector.Key Words : Tourism, Foreign Language Teaching, Methods, Four Basic Skills