In urban areas of turkey, analysis of the impact of morphological changes in the 20 th century on place attachment- case study hendek

The rapid urbanization processes in cities have transformed cities into multi-layered in recent years. Effects of morphological changes in the city center and its surroundings on people who are living in the city are researched at this study. To understand urban changes, city's aerial photographs and old photographs are evaluated by doing an archive study. The past and present situations of the public spaces, which are used frequently by the city dwellers and shared their common urban identities, are presented. A survey study was created in order to measure place attachment The questionnaire, which consists of a five-point Likert scale and open-ended questions, was analyzed on the IBM SPSS 25 Program. Survey begin with questions that contain demographic data. Other questions are grouped into three scales as city attachment, square attachment (place attachment in square) and perception of change in the square. After the reliability analysis of the scales, the relationships between the scales and demographic data were evaluated. According to this evaluation, differences were observed between the groups. It is obtained that there is a difference between city attachment and lifetime in the city and between square attachment and lifetime in city and age groups in the city and also between the perception of change in the square and the frequency of use of square. In the analysis of the relationship between square attachment and the perception of change in the square, it was observed that these two scales were negatively related to each other. According to the findings obtained in the research, urban morphology changes cause a loss of urban memory, which negatively affects place attachment. Understanding the relationship between loyalty to the city and the place attachment to the public space under the influence of the changes in the city are among the issues that need to be considered in the urban planning stages. People want to develop and protect the places and cities they are committed to and want to take part in improvement works. In order to create livable cities, it is important to develop and protect place attachment.