Türkiye'de otuz metre ve üzeri balıkçı gemilerinde uygulanan geri-alım programının değerlendirilmesi

There have been important developments in the number of fishing vessels, size and engine power due to low-interest loans and customs exemptions provided by the state in the 1970s and fishing vessel numbers showed a rapid increase especially after 1980 in Turkey. However, marine fisheries production has been decreasing since 1985 despite the rapid development of the fishing fleet, leading to a decline in the real income of fishermen. In Turkish seas, there are 15.352 licensed fishing vessels actively operating with different depths in 2018 (Anonim 1). When the number of fishing vessels in Turkey is compared to those of the EU Countries vessels in these Countries are found to be less than in Turkey (Anonymous 1). The situation is particularly damaging the ecosystem and the fish stocks by wrong fishing techniques. One of the most important ways to solve this issue is there purchase "buyback" programs that are commonly encouraged by regulations of the state. In fact, most of the EU Countries having advanced fishing industry decided that the reduction of fishing fleet is an effective solution and they have accepted to put it in to practice. Implemented as of 2012 each year a new notification has been published in order to make buy-back program happen, purpose of these three different buy-back program is effective reduction in fleet therefore reduce the amount of hunting pressure on the fish and open the way to sustainable fishing. The ship buy-back program, which is currently in process in Turkey so far, has not been successful for various reason. In this study, considering the aforementioned situation, the success of ship re-shipment of 30 meters or more, which is quite dominant on the stocks in our seas, has been investigated. The investigation showed us that 18-metre or longer fishing boats that have the 90% production share, have the effect to protect the stocks and sustainable fishing; have no interest in the program (Duran 2002). In this study, considering the aforementioned situation, the success of ship buy-back program of 30 meters or more, which is quite dominant on the stocks in our seas, has been investigated. The project, which covers 12-metre and longer fishing boats, at the beginning, in the light of this investigation, has been changed to 10- metre and longer fishing boats. In 2014 during the 3rd program in order to increase the longer boats to join support founds has been arranged as follows: 31- 34 metre Fishing boats 20K, 35-45 metre Fishing boats 30K and, 46 metre and longer Fishing boats 35K TL support payment has been planned. In the light of these findings; the investigation includes the boats that are licensed, 30-metre or longer, registered at SUBIS but not involved in this program. There has been a questioner completed by the boat owners/operators. The Data gathered from this questioner will show: the reasons why the 30 metre or longer fishing boat owners don't benefit from the program, whether the program is sufficient, which only takes the length of the boat as a main criteria and investigating what can be done, comparing other Countries programs in the matter. The most important factor in fisherman's decision not to participate in the program is seen as economic. The amount determined in the buyback program was little for fishermen. This is one of the most important factors for not participating in the program. In addition, the possibility of gaining more than incentives, renewing the fishing vessel and selling the license is one of the most effective factors in making this decision for the fishermen not participating in the program. Father's profession was as effective as 86% of this decision.