The prediction level of Turkish students' PISA achievement by their accessing to information and communication technologies

The purpose of this study is to assess the Turkish students' success in science, mathematics and reading literacy in PISA 2009 and PISA 2012 according to their access and user levels of information and communication technologies. Correlation research model was used in this study. In this research, the data obtained from the PISA 2009 and PISA 2012 achievement tests applied in Turkey in mathematics, science and reading; and the common indexes related to the access and use of information and communication technologies at home and in school from the students' information and communications technologies familiarity survey were used. Two-level Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) analysis was performed in the analysis of the data because the structure of the PISA data used in the study was hierarchical. As a result of the analysis, the variability of the success of Turkey in PISA 2009 and 2012 caused by the differences between the students was found to be less than the difference between schools. This difference was also found to be significant for each dependent variable. Student-level ICT variables accounted for 0.7% of the change in PISA 2009 reading achievement, 1,03% of the change in PISA 2009 maths achievement, 0.6% of the change in PISA 2009 science achievement, 0.11% of the change in PISA 2012 reading achievement, 0.45% of the change in PISA 2012 maths achievement and 0.025% of the change in PISA 2012 science achievement. It is clear that these values are too small and not more than 1%. School-level ICT variables were found to explain 20% of the PISA 2009 reading achievement change, 16% of the PISA 2009 maths achievement change, 19% of the PISA 2009 science achievement change, 23% of the PISA 2012 reading achievement change, 19% of the PISA 2012 maths achievement change, 20% of the PISA 2012 science achievement change. Furthermore, it was determined that the relationship between some ICT variables at the student level and each PISA success varies according to years. However, it was confirmed that the relationship between the ICT variables at the school level and each PISA success did not vary.