Retirement policies applied in Turkey

When the 21st century industrial societies are examined, it is seen that there is a new wave of transformation that changes the political, economic, institutional and social structures. With the impact of these changes, it has become an important necessity to make some new regulations in all institutions. In this respect, it has become necessary to restructure the Social Security system, which has become one of the symbols of contemporary civilization with its positive contribution to ensuring social welfare. While social security systems are subject to debate in terms of financing and sustainability of services in this process, they have become a self-mentioned problem on the social policy agenda. Radical reforms are being made in social security systems to harmonize different experiences and various policies with socio-economic realities. In Turkey, the retirement system is implemented as a section within the general social security system. This system was further developed as a result of the reforms made in 2003. New and different initiatives regarding the retirement policies implemented in Turkey have begun to come to the fore, and in this context, social security and retirement issues have been discussed within the scope of the research. In this study, literature review, which is a qualitative research method, was used as a method. In this context, in the first part of the study, basic concepts related to social security are discussed. Then, the importance of social security was expressed and the development and basic structure of the social security system in Turkey was examined. In addition, changes in the social security system, types of insurance and insurance status within the scope of incapacity are discussed in detail. In the second part of the study, the issue of retirement is emphasized. In this context, concepts related to the word retirement have been reviewed. In addition, the development in retirement throughout the historical process is emphasized. Retirement policies and the general problems they bring are examined. In addition, the relations between retirement and savings were examined, and the issues of not using funds effectively in retirement and the lack of a standard union norm were touched upon. Within the scope of the problems related to the retirement system, issues such as early retirement, lack of active-passive insurance balance, unrequited social increase payments, unregistered employment and its dissemination were discussed. In addition, attention was drawn to the relationship between retirement and savings and the disruptions in the functioning of the pension system were discussed. Finally, the reforms made in the retirement system are summarized and explanations regarding the importance of those reaching retirement age and 4A/4B/4C insurance branches are included. Considering all these issues, the regulations put forward are aimed at increasing the system to a more effective level in the medium and long term and ensuring that everyone benefits from the system at a high level. It has been observed that it provides Keywords: Social security system, retirement, policy