Effect of relationship of interplanted weeds-Neoaliturus (Circulifer) haematoceps (Mulsant & Rey) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) to spiroplasma citri. saglio et al. infection in citrus orchards

In this study, the spread of Spiroplasma citri Saglio et al., Which is a problem in navel oranges, was investigated due to Neoaliturus (Circulifer) haematoceps (Mulsant et Rey) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). For the N. haematoceps population follow-up, which is part of the studies, between 2018 and 2020, Washington navel orange orchards were selected in 3 different regions in the Kozan district of Adana province, between 1-3 years of age. In these orchards, radish and spinach, which are known to be the hosts of N. haematoceps, were planted between the rows the population fluctuation of N. haematoceps was followed on them. The infection rates of S. citri were compared in the orchards in the region where different weed control methods were used during the winter months or where intermediate planting was made. In addition, some weeds that may be the hosts of S. citri were tested and S. citri infestation in N. haematoceps individuals collected in different months was examined using the PCR method with primer pairs P89-f/r and Php-orf1-f/r. While the pest population showed an activity in December 2018, it did not show any activity in January-February-March 2019, and continued its activity from April until May, when the product was applied. Similar fluctuation was observed in 2020. When we look at this orchards where different cultural processes are carried out, the highest infection rate was observed in the orchads where the weed control mesearument were not taken in autumn and winter season, while the lowest S. citri infection rate was observed in the orchards where the weed control was done well. As a result of the PCR testing of weeds suspected of being contaminated with S. citri; Convolvulus arvensis, Taraxacum officinale, Sorghum halepense, Cynodon dactylon, Conyza canadensis, Amaranthus viridis Chenopodium album, Paspalum dilatatum, Euphorbia heterophylla, Solanum nigrum, Mercurialis annua, Fumaria officinalis were positive. As a result of PCR testing of N. haematoceps individuals caught to investigate the contamination status with S. citri and fruits showing symptoms, and positive results were obtained.