Genome wide identification of chalcone synthase gene family under drought and salt stress in phaseolus Vulgaris L.

Beans are an important crop in terms of sustainable agriculture and their contribution to human nutrition. Factors such as climate change necessitate increasing genetic diversity and identifying the characteristics of local varieties. Drought is a significant abiotic stress factor that limits bean production. While various methods are applied to reduce the effects of drought stress, the permanent and fundamental solution is to develop drought-resistant varieties. The aim of this study was to determine and characterize the CHS gene family in bean genotypes under drought and salt stress through genome-wide analysis and gene expression levels. Using various in silico methods, 14 CHS gene families were identified in the bean genome. These genes ranged in weight from 37.38 to 43.34 kDa and consisted of 341-393 amino acids. The number of exons identified among the Pvul-CHS genes was 2 in all genes. Phylogenetic analyses among Phaseolus vulgaris, Arabidopsis thaliana and Glycine max showed that the Pvul-CHS gene family clustered into 3 major groups. The expression levels of Pvul-CHS genes showed that they were expressed in different tissues and played various physiological roles in response to abiotic stresses. The chromosomal locations of CHS gene family members in beans, their orthologue relationships with related genomes, and cis-acting element analyses were determined in silico. The results of this study may contribute to bean breeding under salt and drought conditions.