Determining the factors affecting university entrepreneurial orientation: A study on universities included in the Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Index

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationships between perceived organizational support, university entrepreneurial environment, university entrepreneurial performance and university entrepreneurial orientation. In addition, it is aimed to introduce measurement tools related to the entrepreneurial environment and orientation in universities to the national literature. In the study, a relational survey model, which is one of the quantitative research methods was used. A questionnaire was used to collect data and data collection was carried out through secondary research collection method. In the first part of the research, pilot applications of the University Entrepreneurial Environment Scale developed by the researcher and the University Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale (ENTRE-U), which will be adapted, were carried out. In the second part of the research, the Perceived Organizational Support Scale and Personal and Institutional Data Form along with these two scales were sent to the academicians in the top 50 list of the 2020 TÜBİTAK Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Index, and analyzes were carried out with 1207 scales. Secondary data on entrepreneurial university performance were also obtained from this annual index. Descriptive analyzes, difference analyzes (t-test, ANOVA test) and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. Also confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis was used to ensure the construct validity of the scales. The research model created within the scope of the study was tested with the structural equation model. It is thought that this research will contribute to the development of entrepreneurship and innovation in our universities by providing guiding information to the relevant persons and institutions with the recommendations created in the light of the data obtained from the analysis carried out. In addition, it is aimed to bring new measurement tools to the national literature for future studies on entrepreneurial and innovative universities. The research showed that the variables of gender, tenure, academic discipline, management task, type of university and TÜBİTAK-EIUI ranking group were effective on the variables of the research. In addition, it has been determined that perceived organizational support, university entrepreneurial environment and university entrepreneurial performance affect university entrepreneurial orientation. In the light of these results, it can be said that university entrepreneurship orientation can be increased by increasing organizational support in universities and improving the university entrepreneurial environment. Key Words: Entrepreneurial and Innovative University, Structural Equality Model, Perceived Organizational Support, University Entrepreneurial Environment, University Entrepreneurial Performance, University Entrepreneurial Orientation