Urban sprawl and car dependency: A pathway to sustainable transportation infrastructure in Esenyurt

Urban sprawl refers to the rapid expansion of metropolitan areas, often characterized by low-density housing, single-use zoning, and increased automobile dependency ‎0. The rise in energy use, pollution, traffic congestion, and loss of community identity is exacerbated by vehicle air pollution, affecting human health and the environment. growth necessitates ecologically responsible and energy-efficient public transportation, with nonmotorized mobility enhancement techniques being a potential solution (McCahill et al., 2016). A complete and evidence-based research analysis was created using a mixed-methods research strategy, which allowed the study to fully accomplish the thesis objectives. While quantitative methods, such as GIS mapping and space syntactic theory, measure air quality, levels of car dependency, and traffic flows, by combining statistical, and spatial observations, this presents the possibility of an integrated study. Best practices are identified by comparing with sustainable cities such as Amsterdam, Zurich, and Copenhagen. The findings, which offer strategies for lowering car usage and promoting urban sustainability, highlight the urgent need for sustainable mobility policy in Istanbul and Esenyurt.