Effects of periodic changes in the menstrual hormones on the chromosomal sensitivity and cytotoxicity in the reproductive agedwomens

This studywas conducted to determinethe chromosomalsensitivityand cytotoxiceffectsdepending on the(average28days)periodicchangesin hormone valuesoccurring during the menstrual cycle(follicular phase,ovulation phaseand theluteal phase).Cytogeneticexperimentswere performed under in vitro condition.Chromosomal sensitivitywas determined by benefiting fromthealkylatingagentMitomycinC(MMC). Blood samples were taken from two groups of donors(non-smokers and smokers) each consisting of four womenswith reproductive age at three different times such at 5., 14. and 23rd day of menstrual cycle.Chromosomal abnormalities (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, proliferation index (PI), and mitotic index (MI) were taken into consideration for cases of Chromosome sensitivity and cytotoxicity.MMC caused increases in the frequency of SCE, a large part of them were found significant,according to the results obtained from donors (Non-smokers and smokers) in all phases. The lowest SCE frequencies were determined in the luteal phase in both groups (non-smokers and smokers).In general,similar manner with SCE findings, MMCtreatment statistically increasedCA andCA/cellfrequenciescompared to controlin alldonors.Interestingly the lowest values, in terms of findings of chromosome abnormality, were observed in the luteal phase.Clear cytotoxicityfindings were not determineddepending on menstrualphases.