Determination of some yield and yield characteristics of bread wheat populations grown in Vangölü basin

This research was carried out in the rural area of Ahlat District of Bitlis Province in the 2023-2024 growing season. In the research, two commercial varieties (Enola and Syrena Odeska), four local variety genotypes (Tir, Hevidik, Kirik and Karakılçık) and three local variety mixtures (Karma-1, Karma-2 and Karma-3) were used as plant material and the trial was randomly divided. The plots were established under dry conditions in three replications according to the design. According to the results obtained in the research, the effect of the varieties on the formed groups in all examined traits was found statistically significant (P˂0.05). In the study, number of spike per square meter was 421.67-523.33 pieces (the highest was Kirik, Enola, Karma-1, Karakılçık and Tir), plant height was 71.43-112.40 cm (the highest was Karma 1, 2, 3 groups, Tir, Hevidik and Karakılçık), spike length was 6.18-8.16 cm (the highest was Tir), number of grain per spike was 26.87-35.90 pieces (the highest was Kirik), grain weight per spike was 1.26-1.48 g (the highest was Tir),, grain yield was 193.23-284.48 kg/da (the highest was Syrena Odeska), thousand grain weight was 35.64-49.58 g (the highest was Tir), crude protein ratio was 9.64%-11.21% (the highest was Enola) and hectoliter weight was 55.09-69.34 kg/hl (the highest Enola, Tir and Kirik) were determined. In the study, commercial varieties had high values in features such as grain yield, harvest index, protein ratio and hectoliter weight. Local variety and mixture material also reached high values in plant height, spike length and total yield. In this respect, it was understood that local varieties had higher performance in terms of straw. On the other hand, it is recommended that local genotype and mixed material, which give satisfactory results in terms of quality features such as hectoliter weight and protein value, be used as a gene source in further studies. Keywords: Grain yield, Local varieties, Van lake basin, Yield characteristics