Effect of Venlafaxine on the growth and biochemical properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NRLLY-12632)

In this thesis study, the effect of venlafaxine and vitamin C on the biochemical properties of S. cerevisiae microorganism produced in YPD medium was investigated. The effects of venlafaxine and vitamin C concentrations on S. cerevisiae growth, essential and non-essential amino acid composition, water and fat-soluble vitamin composition, total and highly oxidized protein amount, antioxidant enzyme activities and stress biomarkers were determined. While amino acids, stress biomarkers and vitamins were analyzed by HPLC, microorganism concentration, antioxidant enzyme activities, total and highly oxidized protein amount were analyzed by spectrophotometer. S. cerevisiae was grown in a medium containing venlafaxine at concentrations of 0 (control), 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm. In media containing 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm venlafaxine, the concentration of microorganisms decreased significantly compared to the control group (p˂0.05). The microorganism concentration, which was determined as 4.5 g dw/L in the control group, was found to be 3.2 g dw/L in the medium containing 500 ppm antidepressants. As a result of the studies carried out by adding 10, 25, 50 and 75 ppm vitamin C to YPD media, while the effect of 10 ppm vitamin C was not statistically significant (p˃0.05), the effect of other concentrations was statistically significant (p˂0.05). Microorganism concentration increased from 4.5 to 5.85 g dw/L with 75 ppm vitamin C added to the medium. The antidepressants added to the medium at concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 ppm significantly decreased the concentrations of methionine, tryptophan and glutamic acid (p˂0.05), while significantly increasing other amino acids, p˂0.05). 10, 25, 50 and 75 ppm vitamin C added to media which containing antidepressant was increased the decreasing amino acids while decreased the increasing amino acids (p˂0.05). The venlafaxine added to the medium reduced the amount of all water-soluble vitamins at all concentrations (p˂0.05), in addition, 25, 50 and 75 ppm vitamin C added to the medium containing antidepressant significantly increased the concentrations of these vitamins (p˂0.05). While venlafaxine added to the medium increased the amount of vitamin A, vitamin E and β-Carotene (p˂0.05), it decreased the amount of lycopene. Also, vitamin C added to the media containing venlafaxine; while decreasing the amount of vitamin A, vitamin E and β-Carotene, it increased the amount of lycopene (p˂0.05). SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH-Rd and POD activities increased significantly at all antidepressant concentrations added to the medium (p˂0.05). While the activities of CAT, GSH-Px, GSH-Rd and POD enzymes decreased significantly with all vitamin C concentrations added to the medium (p˂0.05), SOD activity was significantly decreased at 50 and 75 ppm vitamin C (p˂0.05). At all antidepressant concentrations, the amount of total protein decreased, while the amount of IDOP increased significantly (p˂0.05). While 25, 50 and 75 ppm concentrations of vitamin C added to media containing venlafaxine increased the total protein amount (p˂0.05), the amount of IDOP decreased at all vitamin C concentrations (p˂0.05). While the antidepressant added to the medium decreased the amount of GSH at all concentrations, increased the amount of GSSG, MDA and 4-HNE (p˂0.05). Vitamin C added to venlafaxine containing media decreased GSSG, MDA, and 4-HNE at all concentrations, while increasing the amount of GSH (p˂0.05). While venlafaxine added to the medium decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio, vitamin C added to the medium containing venlafaxine increased this ratio at all concentrations.