Comparison of vesti̇bular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) and video head impulse tests (VHİT) in patients with vestibular migraine and migraine without vestibular symptoms

AIM: While some migraine patients experience vestibular symptoms, others do not encounter balance problems. The physiological basis of vestibular symptoms in migraines and the reason why they occur in some patients but not in others have remained unexplained until today.The absence of vestibular symptoms during a migraine attack causes delayed or undiagnosed diagnosis. The aim of our study is to compare the VEMP and VHITtests in the vestibular migraine patient group and in the migraine patient group with normal vestibular function and sensitivity and to Show whether these tests can be used for diagnostic purposes in the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our vertigo outpatient clinic, VEMP and VHITtests were planned for patients diagnosed with vestibular migraine according to Neuhauser criteria and for migraine patients followed up by neurology. A total of 30 vestibular migraine and 30 follow-up migraine patients between the ages of 18-65 participated in the study in a 3-month period. Migraine patients were formed from patients followed in the neurology outpatient clinic. RESULTS: When vHITresults were evaluated, only posterior canal VOR gains in the right and left ears were significant between the groups. Although the number of pathological VORs was numerically higher in the migraine group, it was not statistically significant. When the cVEMP results were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the absence of waves, between the ears, and between the migraine group and the vestibular migraine group. Apart from this, P1 and N1 wave latencies, P1-N1 interpeak amplitudes and amplitude asymmetry ratios were not statistically significant between the groups. CONCLUSION: Although the posterior canal VOR gain was found to be statistically lower in the migraine group than in the vestibular migraine group, it was concluded that the vHITand VEMP test were insufficient to differentiate between migraine and vestibular migraine.