Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from different clinical sources

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, non-spore-forming, straight or slightly curved gram-negative bacillus that can reproduce at 42°C. P. aeruginosa causes frequent infections with high mortality and morbidity and is difficult to treat due to the diversity of virulence factors it produces and the constantly increasing antibiotic resistance rates. 150 samples collected from different clinical origins (urine and wound). These samples was identify on different culture media such as MacConkey agar and Cetrimide agar, and their biochemical tests was examine. After identification, P. aeruginosa isolates was keep in LB broth supplemented with 20% glycerol at -20°C for further use. The results of A total of 150 samples were taken from patients, with an average of 60 (40%) samples for males and 90 (60%) for females. The results found that all samples isolated from patients appeared positive for bacterial growth that were grown on optimal culture media such as agar media and manitol salt agar. The results showed that 35(23.3%) of the samples showed positive bacterial growth. the susceptibility of 35 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa showed highest resistance (100%) was found against Erythromycin and Ampicillin. The next most resistant antibiotics were Ceftraxone (95%), Gentamicin (80%), Azithromycin (65%), Ceftazidime (60%), Ciprofloxacin (45%). Among most effective antibiotics against P. aeruginosa, with low resistant rate are Levofloxacin (30%), Amikacin (30%), Cefotaxime (20%). For virulence factors, In the nutrient gelatin media, 32 (91.4%) of P. aeruginosa strains demonstrate gelatin hydrolysis activity. 18 (51.4%) of P. aeruginosa strains demonstrate betahemolytic activity. 14(40%) isolates were able to produce a capsule. 4(11.4%) isolates of P. aeruginosa were positive for lipase production. 6(17.1%) isolates of P. aeruginosa were positive for protease production. 5(14.3%) isolates of P. aeruginosa were positive. For Genetic study, the lasB gene (72.2%), the lasA gene (100%), the Apr gene (94.4%), Plc H gene (100%), and the ToxA gene (100%) were the four most prevalent virulence factors. All P. aeruginosa isolates possessed the 16S rRNA gene.