The relationship vitamin D and wheezing, allergy, infection (İmmun system)

THE RELATIONSHIP VİTAMİN D AND WHEEZING, ALLERGY, INFECTION ( IMMUN SYSTEM) Objectives: In this study, the factors that affect the vitamin D level on healthy children and the relationship between Vitamin D and wheezing, allergy, infection has been researched. Material and Method: This study has been planned in parallel with a birth cohort study which was done to 1377 children who were born in Adana between February 2010- February 2011. 64 babies who live in Adana and aged between 1,5-2 and controlled by allergy polyclinic among this population has been included in this study. The demographic and clinic features of the babies have been recorded. The babies' vitamin D level was examined from their blood serums at the beginning of the study. Half of the babies have been recommended to continue to take 400 units vitamin D daily. The babies have been controlled regularly for a year. The controls have been done by calling the mothers once in three months and in addition to these telephone controls, a questionnaire was applied on 6th month. A year after the first vitamin D levels check, the babies' vitamin D level were controlled again and the babies' who have allergic symptoms allergen specific IgE panel were examined and skin prick test were applied. Serum 25 (OH)D3 ≤20 ng/ml level has been accepted as Vitamin D deficiency, between 21-29 ng/ml as vitamin D insufficiency, above>30 ng/ml as vitamin D level sufficient. Results: The age average of the babies who were studied was 20,3 months (± 1,5). 46,9 % (n:30) of the babies were girls, 53,1 % (n:34) were boys. At the beginning of the study 12,5 % of the babies' (n:8) serum 25(OH)D3 levels were deficient, 39,1 % (n:25) of the babies' were insufficient, 48,4 % (n:31) of the babies' were sufficient. At the beginning of the study the average of the babies' vitamin D level was 29,8ng/ml (±10,8). At the end of study, 25% (n:16) of the babies' serum 25(OH)D3 levels were deficient, 45,3% (n:29) of the babies' were insufficient, 29,7 % (n:19) of the babies' were sufficient. Most of the families failed to comply with our recommadition of using vitamin D (400units/daily). At the end of study the average vitamin D level of the babies were 26,5ng/ml (±10,3). None of the babies had 25(OH)D3 in intoxication level. Meaningful relationship between gender, the way of birth, birth weight, gestation week and vitamin D level has not found. When the factors which effect vitamin D level examined, at the end of study meaningful relationship only with vitamin D intake has been found. At the beginning of the study 55'5% of the babies' who had at least one wheezing, serum 25(OH)D3 levels were insufficient or deficient. Compared to the babies who did not have wheezing, the difference was statically meaningful (p:0,04). The 71,4 % of the babies' who had allergy, serum 25(OH)D3 levelswere insufficient or deficient but a statically meaningful relationship was not detected (p:0,08). At the beginning of the study the 52,4% of the babies who had at least one upper respiratory infection serum 25(OH)D3 levelswere insufficient or deficient. Statically meaningful relationship was not detected (p:0,43). The 55,1% of the babies' who had at least one lower respiratory infection, serum 25(OH)D3 levelswere insufficient or deficient. Statically meaningful relationship was not detected (p:0,43). The end of the study 81,1% of the babies' who had at least one wheezing, serum 25(OH)D3 levels were insufficient or deficient . That was statically meaningful (p:0,02). The 81,2% of the babies' who had allergy, serum 25(OH)D3 levelswere insufficient or deficient. That was statically slightly meaningful (p:0,052). The end of the study 70,4% of the babies who had at least one upper reparatory infection, serum 25(OH)D3 levels were insufficient or deficient. Statically meaningful relationship was not detected (p:0,62). The 76,2% of the babies' who had at least one lower respiratory infection, serum 25(OH)D3 levelswere insufficient or deficient but statically meaningful relationship was not detected (p:0,33) While a meaningful relationship between vitamin D intake and wheezing, infection was not found, at the end of the study slightly meaningful relationship between vitamin D intake and allergy was detected. Conclusion: At the end of this study, meaningful relationship between vitamin D and wheezing, slightly meaningful relationship with allergic diseases was detected. A meaningful relationship with infections was not found. Still, to be able to find out vitamin D's effect on allergy and wheezing, advanced studies which are supported by genetic examinations and more patients are needed.