Investigation of the effect of vitexin on high-fat diet and streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats

Type 2 diabetes; It is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion and/or insulin action. Dyslipidemia contributes to the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by increased TG and decreased HDL-C levels. PPARγ and NF-kB are transcription factors involved in insulin signaling and inflammation. Vitexin is a flavonoid glycoside with antiobesity, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of vitexin on high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley type rats; They were divided into 4 groups as control (n=7), vitexin (n=7), diabetes (DM) (n=7) and DM+Vitexin (n=7). Standard pellet feed was applied to the control and vitexin groups, high-fat diet was applied to the diabetes and DM+Viteksin group. Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ) 40 mg/kg 4 weeks later. In the last week of the study, vitexin was administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg by oral gavage. Blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol), ALT, AST, PPARγ NF-κB levels in serum, liver and kidney tissue of rats were investigated. Blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in DM+Viteksin group rats, while HDL cholesterol levels were increased with vitexin (p<0.05). Vitexin was found to increase insulin levels. No lowering effect of vitexin on LDL cholesterol level was observed. It was determined that there was no significant difference in terms of ALT, AST levels, PPARγ values in liver tissue, and NF-kB values in serum and kidney tissue (p>0.05). As a result, it can be said that vitexin has a healing effect on blood sugar and lipid parameters, it can increase glucose entry into cells by increasing PPARγ levels in serum, it has no toxic effect on the liver, it may have an anti-inflammatory effect, and it may have a renoprotective effect on the kidney. Keywords: high fat diet, NF-κB, PPARγ, Type 2 diabetes, vitexin