In vitro production and flowering of some orchid species for commercial-scale realization

In this study, commercial production protocols were established for Cattleya sp. moreover, in vivo plantlet surface sterilization and in vitro regeneration protocols were also established for Vanda sp. Valuable data about in vitro flower-triggering of Cattleya sp. shoots were obtained. Surface sterilization rate of in vivo shoots of Cattleya sp. were found 100% and 83,33% in root and stem explants, respectively. Regeneration rate was 10,05 in thin layers excised from the Cattleya sp. shoots by the technique of TCL. In the study of multiplacation of PLB from PLB, the highest proliferation rate were found as 7,50, 1,56 and 111,85 in semi-solid cultures, flask liquid cultures and RITA® bioreactors, respectively. In the study of shoot regeneration from PLB, shoot regeneration rate was determined as 13,00 in semi-solid cultures, regeneration formation rate were found 0,67 and 199,90 in flask liquid cultures and RITA® bioreactors, respectively. In Cattleya sp., shoot proliferation rate was 3,5 and root formation number per shoot was 7,34. In adaptation of in vitro rooted Cattleya shoots to ex vitro conditions, acclimatization was succeeded at 92,89%. In order to trigger in vitro flowering of Cattleya sp., shoots were cultivated in different media compositions, photoperiods, day/night temperatures and pseudobulb arose at 6,67% ratio. Surface sterilization rate of roots, leaves, stems and flower parts in Vanda orchids were succeeded at 95.83%, 80%, 71,67% and 70%, respectively. Moreover, 61,90% callus formation has been observed on anthers taken from the flowery parts of the plant and 1,11 regeneration ratio has been obtained on stem explants.