Synthesis and characterization of new phthalocyanines

Macrocycle compunds are the compounds that contain a minimum of 9 members and 3heteroatomes. Phthalocyanines, which are one of the coordination compounds containingmacrocycles ligands, were discovered by accident at the beginning of the 20th century. Theword `phthalocyanine? is derived from the combination of Greek words `naphtha? and`cyanine?. It was first used by Prof. Reginald P. Linstead in 1933 for describing metal andmetal-free compounds and their derivative organic compounds.Besides phthalocyanines? blue and green pigment properties, they have an outstandingstability against light, excessive heat, strong acids and alkalis other than strong oxidationagents, and are insoluble in some organic solvents and water. Unsubstituted and substitutedphthalocyanines are widely used as pigment and dyes. They have been used asphotoconducting agents in photocopying machines, as electrochromic display device, asphotodynamic reagents for cancer therapy and other medical applications. Other applicationsinclude using optical computer read-write disc and related information storage systems, aslaser dyes, in liquid-crystal color display applications, in photovoltaic cell elements, ascatalysts for control of sulfur effluents, for oxidizing saturated hydrocarbons at lowtemperature, and for increasing the octane rate of gasoline, etc. so phthalocyanines can findmany potential usage in industry.In the first part of this study, was obtained two different dinitrile derivative from started 4,5-dichloro-4,5-benzenedicarboxylic acid and acetic anhydride. In the second part of the study,this products were reacted with various metal salts in suitable solvents. The newly synthesizedphthalocyanine was washed common organic solvents and seperated by columnchromatography on silica gel. And then, the structure of the synthesized compound wascharacterized by the elemental analyzes, UV/VIS, IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopies.Keywords: Phthalocyanine, unsymetrical phthalocyanine, ZnPc, NiPc, CoPc.