In vivo evaluation of biocompatibility of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and a newly developed experimental material

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is being widely used for root-end filling, pulp capping, perforation repairs and other endodontic procedures. MTA and a newly developed experimental material are known to have similar chemical and physical properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of MTA and the new experimental materialTwenty one Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were allocated to testing of three groups. Group I and Group II included ProRoot MTA and the experimental material, respectively. The materials were mixed with sterile saline solution and placed in polyethylene tubes. The tubes were implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal region of the animals. Group III served as control; the implanted polyethylene tubes remained empty. At 7, 14, and 28 days after the implantation, the animals were sacrificed and the implants were removed with the surrounding tissues. The specimens were prepared for routine histological examination to evaluate the inflammatory responseNo significant difference was found between tissue reactions against the tested materials (Group I and II; p>0.05). Minimal inflammatory response was observed at either time period at sites adjacent to ProRoot MTA and the experimental material implants. Also ,control group showed similar results(p>0.05MTA and the experimental material have had similar comparable biocompatibility when evaluated in vivo. In conclusion, the results suggest that the experimental material has the potential to be used in clinical conditions in which ProRoot MTA is indicated. Although the results are supportive for the experimental material, more studies are required before the safe clinical use of the material.