Evaluation of thiol/disulfide homeostasis andneurogenin 3 levels as A marker of oxidative stress in childrenand adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

AIM: Thiol/disulfide homeostasis plays an important role in maintaining many physiological processes necessary for the organism, such as antioxidant defense, signal transmission, detoxification, apoptosis and stabilization of the chemical structures of proteins. Abnormal thiol/disulfide balance levels (shifting of balance to the disulfide direction) are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney failure. Neurogenin 3 (ngn 3) is a pro-endocrine factor that plays a role in determining neural precursor cells in the neuroectoderm in the pancreas. Also, when the endocrine cell is damaged, it is temporarily released by the reprogrammed exocrine cells. In this study; we aimed to determine the relationship between autoimmunity and dynamic thiol/disulfide, neurogenin 3 status in the newly diagnosed T1DM, to evaluate the level of treatment and thiol/disulfide homeostasis and neurogenin 3, and to determine the level of neurogenin 3 due to beta cell damage in children with newly diagnosed T1DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 children (18 boys, 12 girls) with type 1 diabetes who applied to T.C. Aydın Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Child Health and Diseases between 1.2.2019 and 1.2.2020, and healthy 30 (18 boys, 12 girls) children volunteering were included. Of patients; age, gender, body weight, body weight SDS, height, height SDS, body mass index, VKI SDS, glucose, urea and creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, HbA1c, anti insulin antibody, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, insulin , c-peptide, ngn 3, and Erel et al. laboratory and clinical findings, such as plasma native thiol, total thiol and disulfide levels, demonstrated by dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis proposed by and measured using a fully automated method. Laboratory examinations of the patient group were examined again at the sixth month of control. Statistical analyzes were made with the SPSS package program and Chi-square test, Student T test, Mann Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, Pearson test, Spearman test, Friedman test were used in the analysis. Statistical significance level was accepted as p˂0.05. RESULTS: When the newly diagnosed patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and the healthy group were compared; Although total thiol (p = 0.038), native thiol (p = 0.052), disulfide (p = 0.189), disulfide/native thiol (p = 0.223), disulfide/total thiol (p = 0.556) values were higher, native/total thiol (p = 0,685) and neurogenin 3 (p = 0,941) values were lower. We found total thiol (p=0.183), native thiol (p=0.075), disulfide (p=0.350), disulfide/native thiol (p=0.300) and disulfide/total thiol (p=0.994) lower than the application. We found negative correlation between native thiol and anti-insulin antibody (p = 0.041, r = -0.375), and positive correlation between ngn 3 and total cholesterol and LDL (p = 0.040, r = 0.377; p = 0.003, r = 0.521). CONCLUSION: In our study, an increase in disulfide and thiol levels was found in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to the control group. In the sixth month, a decrease in disulfide and thiol parameters was observed. We found that the level of ngn 3 was lower compared to healthy children at the time of diagnosis and in the sixth month control, we found that ngn 3 decreased according to the application. As a result; Our study showed that there is a significant relationship between this new method developed by Erel and Neşelioğlu and thiol and disulfide levels in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children. Key words: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, thiol/disulfide homeostasis, neurogenin 3, oxidative stress