Comparative analysis of unit costs in solar and hydroelectric energy production as renewable energy sources: Application in the city of Van

This study presents a comparative analysis of unit costs in solar and hydroelectric energy production as renewable energy sources, with a focus on Van Province. The primary objective is to identify the more feasible option by examining the cost structures of Solar Power Plants (SPPs) and Hydroelectric Power Plants (HPPs). The study analyzes the technical and financial advantages and disadvantages of both systems to provide guidance for public and private sector investors. By evaluating energy sector cost data, the research offers a comparative framework to support future renewable energy projects that can contribute to Turkey's energy independence and climate change mitigation. In the context of Eastern Anatolia's energy potential, SPPs offer lower installation costs and investment advantages, though their output may fluctuate seasonally due to climatic conditions. HPPs, on the other hand, involve higher installation costs but provide steady energy production year-round thanks to reliable water resources. The analysis includes comparisons of installation costs, maintenance expenses, energy production, and operational lifespans. Ultimately, while both options present unique advantages, HPPs were found to be less favorable compared to SPPs in this case.