Selection of almonds (Prunus amygdalus L.) in Yeşilyurt district

This study was carried out between the years of 2016 and 2018 in order to determine promising genoypes in native almond population, growing naturally in the region of Yeşilyurt in the city of Malatya. In the study, in accordance with the aims of the almond breeding, fruit samples were taken from the 92 types in the first year and different fruit properties were examined. By performing a preselection among the almond genotypes, the fruit properties of which were examined in the first year, a fruit sample from the 35 genotypes whose kernel weight was 0.8 g and above was taken again in the second year. According to the observations and evaluations performed on these genotypes, 18 genotypes were chosen as promising ones as a result of the weighted rating based on the certain selection criteria. The full bloom in the chosen genotypes was recorded between 25th March and 6th April in 2017 and 21st March and 6th April in 2018. Among the promising genotypes, the following data were recorded as the shelled fruit weight 3.50 g (44-YE-54)-12.07 g (44-YE-69), the shelled fruit thickness 12.30 mm (44-YE-58)-18.91 mm (44-YE-61), the shelled fruit width 19,15 mm (44-YE-14)-30.68 mm (44-YE-59), the shelled fruit length 29.79 mm (44-YE-14)-45.38 mm (44-YE-59), the shell thickness 2,43 mm (44-YE-54)-5,26 mm (44-YE-59), the kernel weight 0.76 g (44-YE-11)-1.56 g (44-YE-59), the kernel fruit thickness 3.79 mm (44-YE-68)-7,20 mm (44-YE-50), the kernel fruit width 8.19 mm (44-YE-68)-17.57 mm (44-YE-59), the kernel fruit length 21.10 mm (44-YE-61)-28.40 (44-YE-64) and the kernel ratio %12.96 (44-YE-59)-%26.69 (44-YE-54), the double kernel ratio %0-20, the number of kernel almond in 1 ons 22.93 (44-YE-14)-35.55 (44-YE-54). As for the kernel almond colour in the chosen genotypes, 2 of them were light, 8 were medium light and 8 were dark. As for the kernel taste, 1 of them was medium, 17 were sweet. In terms of the hairiness 11 genotypes were less, 5 of them were medium and 2 of them were hairy. The hardness of the shell was evaluated as too hard in all the genotypes. 13 of the tree shapes of the genotypes chosen as promising were upright-spread and 5 of them were upright.