The effect of buzzy method applied during venous blood collection in adults on PAİN, anxiety, blood pressure and pulse

Objective: Patients may feel pain and anxiety during the blood collection procedure. This may have effects on blood pressure and heart rate. This study aims to determine the pain sensation that occurs in patients after the interventional blood sampling procedure and its effects on anxiety, blood pressure, and pulse that may occur, and to minimize and manage these effects with buzzy application. Material and Method: The study was conducted with adults who voluntarily participated in the study between 01.11.2022 and 01.03.2023 in the adult emergency department of Namık Kemal University Hospital in Tekirdağ city center. The population of the research was adults aged 18-65, who could speak and understand Turkish, and who applied to the unit where the research would be conducted between 01.11.2022 and 01.03.2023. The study sample consisted of adults who applied to the emergency department on the specified dates and met the research group selection criteria. In the study, in which the unit will investigate the effect of the "buzzy" system applied to each group during the blood collection process on the pain, anxiety level, blood pressure, and pulse rate of the individual during the routine blood collection practice of the unit, both sample orders (experiment-control) were 80% power, % 80% power. A total of 156 patients, 78 in each group, were included in the study, with 5 margins of error and an effect size of 0.4. The sample size was calculated with the help of the G*Power 3.1.9.6 program. The NCSS (NumberCruncher Statistical System) 2020 Statistical Software (Utah, USA) program was used for statistical analysis. In the evaluation of the study data, descriptive statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, median, frequency, and ratio were employed. Additionally, the Shapiro-Wilk test and boxplot graphs were used to assess the normality of variables. For group comparisons of variables showing a normal distribution, the Student's t-test was utilized. On the other hand, the Mann-Whitney U test was employed for group comparisons of variables that did not exhibit a normal distribution. The paired-sample t-test was used for within-group comparisons of variables demonstrating a normal distribution. The Pearson chi-square test was utilized for comparing qualitative data. The significance level was evaluated at p<0.05.In this study, the assignment of adults to the control and experimental groups was performed using stratification and block randomization methods to prevent manipulations that would affect the reliability of the research results. Control variables such as age, gender, and fear of bloodletting were considered in the stratification of adults. Stratified adults were randomly assigned to the control and experimental groups using the closed-envelope method. The data collection order of the research groups was determined by the drawing method, and the data of each group were collected on a certain day of the week in order to prevent the adults in the control and experimental groups from interacting with each other and to avoid confusion about the methods to be applied in the intervention. Accordingly, data collection was carried out on Saturdays for the control group and on Sundays for the Buzzy group. Data were collected using the "Descriptive Characteristics Form", "Visual Analog Scale (VAS)", "Face Anxiety Scale", "State Anxiety Scale". Results: In the study, when the effects of post-invasive pain scores on anxiety, blood pressure and heart rate were examined according to the buzzy method applied during blood collection and standard blood collection protocol; The Buzzy method, which was used to control pain, anxiety, blood pressure and pulse, was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: In line with the findings of the study, it was concluded that the use of the Buzzy device in the venous blood collection procedure has positive effects on pain, anxiety and pulse compared to standard blood collection applications. Awareness of all healthcare professionals, especially nurses, about the effectiveness of different methods in reducing pain and anxiety during venous blood collection should be increased, and more academic studies should be conducted on this. During the standard blood collection protocol, it is recommended to use the Buzzy device, which is easy to apply and reliable in terms of patient comfort and health. Keywords:Anxiety, Blood Collection, Buzzy System, Pain, Vital Findings