Effect of the eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation on adiponectin receptors in HİGH-fat diet and streptozocin induced TYPE 2 diabetic rat liver

Background and aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that results from a defect in insulin secretion or activity. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) is known to increase insulin sensitivity in the diabetic animal model. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of EPA in improving insulin sensitivity has not yet been fully elucidated. We hypothesise that n-3 PUFAs such as ethyl-ester EPA could reduce the risk of T2DM by regulating adiponectin receptors expression in the liver. Methods: We examined the anti-diabetic effect of EPA supplementation on adiponectin receptors, T-cadherin and AdipoR1, in normal diet (ND)-fed, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed, and T2DM rats. Results: We found that EPA supplementation was significantly increased the mRNA level of AdipoR1 in T2DM and ND-fed rats. We also found that T-cadherin levels were increased in response to EPA treatment in HFD-fed rats liver. Conclusions: Taken together, these observations suggested that EPA supplementation may improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of T2DM, at least partly, by increasing adipoR1 expression. In addition to its anti-diabetic effects, EPA may also ameliorate high fat diet-related disorders by increasing T-cadherin levels in the liver