Developments in the design of high buildings

The need for shelter is one of the most fundamental requirements that people need to maintain their vital activities. The idea that people can use the land in the most optimal way of construction of high-rise buildings has made inevitable. Over time, high-rise buildings were seen as a sign of strength and prestige, and high building design became an interesting situation. Social factors, economic factors, population density in urban areas and increase in land prices accelerated the development of high buildings.When high-rise building became popular, the importance of its design was understood over time, which led people to research and develop high-building design. As a result of the research, it was understood that high building behavior is different from normal story buildings and high building design should be done within special rules. In high-rise building design, the structure should be analyzed by considering the effects of earthquake load and wind load acting on the building. In this thesis, the developments in the design of tall buildings were examined and the design stages of a high building were explained according to the new earthquake regulations in our country. For the numerical studies, 3-story basement building consisting of a total of 53 story and a tubular structural system have been designed. The building is planned to be built in Kayapınar district of Diyarbakır province. According to TBDY (2018) rules, linear and nonlinear analysis of the structure was made under four earthquake ground motion. The performance targets stated in the earthquake regulation are aimed to be provided and the stages of the design are explained in detail. Earthquake acceleration records of the structure having ZA soil class were obtained from PEER website and design spectra from AFAD website. 11 earthquake acceleration records were used for time history nonlinear analysis. These earthquake acceleration records were scaled according to the design spectrum by taking into consideration the rules determined in the TBDY (2018).The structure was done by ETABS program. As a result of these analysis, the behavior of the high building with the tubular structure system under the effect of the earthquake has been examined. The thesis work consists of five chapter. In the first parts, general information about the high buildings is given and the purpose and scope of the thesis are stated. In the second chapter, the previous studies on the tall buildings in the literature have been examined and their summaries are given. In the third chapter, the definition of the high buildings were made and the reasons for their occurrence were examined. The history of the high building is discussed in detail in this chapter, the rules on the selection of the carrier system and the materials that should be used in the high buildings are given and the importance of selecting the most suitable carrier system and material is emphasized. In addition, the thirteenth section of the earthquake regulation, which entered into enact in 2019, is explained in detail, in this section, it is detailed how high building design stages should be done. In the fourth chapter, three design stages have been made in accordance with the earthquake regulations of a high building with tubular system. In order to achieve the performance targets stated in the regulation, it was pre-designed and controlled. Time history analysis of the structure was carried out and evaluated within the scope of regulation rules. According to the results of the analyzes, relative displacement and story drift rates were compared according to the limit values of the regulations. In the fifth chapter, the points to be considered in high building design are given according to the obtained data and suggestions are made for future studies. Keywords: High building, Tup system, Time History Non-lineer Analysis