Clinical, metabolic and radiological comparison of fatty liver of lean and obese individuals

In this study, clinical, laboratory and radiological findings of underweight and overweight individuals with radiologically detected fatty liver were compared; It was aimed to reveal the similar and different aspects of it. For this purpose; 20 patients with a Body Mass Index (BMI) <25 and 60 patients with a BMI >25 were identified, who applied to the Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Internal Diseases outpatient clinics of Fırat University Medical Faculty Hospital with fatty liver detected by upper abdomen ultrasonography (USG). These patients were compared in terms of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), bilirubin, fasting blood glucose (FG), lipid profiles, coagulation tests, insulin levels and insulin resistance. Liver stiffness of the patients was evaluated by transient elastography. The fructose consumption of the patients was evaluated by applying the fructose consumption scale questionnaire to the patients. While 20% of patients with BMI <25 are female and 80% are male, 55% of patients with BMI>25 are female and 45% are male. There was a significant gender difference between the lean and overweight groups. (p=0.007). The glucose value of the lean group was found to be significantly lower than the glucose value of the overweight group (p=0.005). The HOMA-IR value of the lean group was significantly lower than the HOMA-IR value of the overweight group. The AST value of the lean group was found to be significantly higher than the AST value of the overweight group (p=0.025). There was no significant difference between lean and overweight groups in terms of adiposity stage. (p=0.525 When the lean and overweight groups were compared in terms of elastography values, no significant difference was found. (p>0.05) High levels of fructose consumption were observed in 60% of the lean group and 85% of the overweight group, and fructose consumption, a significant difference was observed between the groups (p=0.027). In our study, we found that the lean group with NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) had lower glucose values and HOMA-IR scores than the overweight group with NAFLD. In order to clearly demonstrate the development mechanism, findings, clinic, treatment of NAFLD in thin individuals and their differences from overweight individuals with NAFLD in these respects; In order to exclude the possibility that minimal adiposity can be missed by ultrasonography, it is necessary to evaluate the liver with multiple noninvasive techniques, and for this purpose, much larger groups should be screened. Keywords: NAFLD, Transient Elastography, HOMA-IR, Fructose Consumption