The examination of the cultural items in the novel of Zülfü Livaneli entitled 'Mutluluk' within the context of source text, target text and cinema

Literature and literary works have always been and will continue to be within the life of societies and individuals forever. It is possible to observe that even the content of society-and-individual-based literary works is flourished quite intensively with cultural items peculiar to the society. It is probable to witness cultural intensity in the construction of the work, in the selected setting and especially in the literary style of the author. The fact that culture is felt so clearly in the literary works makes also the translation of these works difficult. And that is why literary works should be translated by translators of literature specialized in their own fields, not superficially by any translator. The translator who can use his/her creativity, dominate over the available language and culture and who can understand, receive and interpret all the details and language games of the work to be translated by himself/herself is expected to make a successful literary-work-translation.Literary works can be adapted into a different branch of art within the same language and culture as well as being transferred to a different language and culture. The fact that literature has a rich and deep-rooted history has attracted especially the cinema which is based on visuality and this fact caused the cinema to tend towards the literature. As a result of this tendency many works especially in the type of novels started to be adapted into the movies. During these adaptations which are possible to be examined under the title of intralingual translation within the framework of translation, literary works undergo some changes and the visuality-based aspects of these works are featured predominantly.In this study, which phases literary works go through while being transferred to the target language and to a different branch of art within their own culture, , difficulties that translators and scenarists have during the transfer and the implemented censorships will be examined in the example of a novel.Key Words: Literature, Literary Translation, The Cinema and Losses