Ottoman artisans in the second half of the 18th century (samples of İstanbul and Bursa)

In this study in two different Ottoman cities, İstanbul and Bursa, the manner of the Ottoman artisans are investigated in view of the social and economic facts of the second half of the 18th century. In these two cities where different economic activities are carried out, the structure of Ottoman guilds, artisans? relations with the state, their reactions in view of European traders, artisans? increasing tax burden day by day, value of their capital are some of the subjects of this thesis. On the basis of macro criterion of 18th century Ottoman social and economic life, the activities of İstanbul and Bursa artisans are analysed. The photo of the scene is that Ottoman guilds are not evaluated by generalizations, instead of this, they should be looked over in accordance with the time period and location. The characteristics and economic activities of the cities are effective factors on the manner of artisans and the structure of the Ottoman guilds.