Analysis of the decoration of the Malay world mushafs in the 19th century

Mushafs of the Malay World represent a significant cultural treasure, embodying the region's culture and national identity while serving as a medium to transmit these values to future generations. Despite their meticulous and unique illumination, Malay mushafs have been largely forgotten and neglected, even though they constitute an integral part of the Malays' cultural heritage. The decorations found in Malay mushafs reflect the way of life and identity of their creators, showcasing distinctive styles and motifs unique to the region. The rarity and cultural significance of these mushafs inspired a detailed investigation into the intricate motifs present in Malay Quran, forming the foundation of this research. The primary objective of this study is to preserve this valuable heritage and ensure its transmission to future generations. To conclude, the research aims to document and introduce Malay illumination art, contributing to the preservation and continuation of this traditional art form. This study examines the 19th-century Quran from the Malay World, specifically selected works from Terengganu, Patani, Acheh, Java, Sulawesi, and Mindanao. It includes detailed analyses and interpretations of the decorative elements in these manuscripts. The forms and motifs employed in the illumination have been classified, and the materials used in their creation have been investigated. Furthermore, the research provides insights into the Islamic historical and cultural characteristics of the Terengganu region. Through these analyses, the study seeks to shed light on the art and history of Malay illumination.