The characteristics of trauma patients who blood and blood product transfused in emergency service and evaluation of the necessity according to transfusion scores

Trauma today is one of the most important causes of death in the young population. The majority of deaths due to trauma are blood loss. Hypovolemic shock is a reversible condition with early diagnosis and treatment. It is possible to reduce mortality by early and accurate blood transfusions in emergency departments. In our study, we examined the trauma patients who were admitted to our emergency department between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2017 due to trauma and who had blood transfusion. A total of 70 patients were included in the study. Hospital records, patient files and blood center records were examined. 57% of the patients were male and 43% were female. The mean age was 39 years. The most common injury mechanism was an in-car traffic accident. The mean systolic blood pressure was 91 mm Hg, mean diastolic blood pressure was 56 mm Hg, and the mean heart rate was 110 / min. seen. The patients had an average of 3 units of ES and an average of 1.3 units of TDP transfusions in our emergency department. Mean ETS value was 4.2 and TASH score was 12. 67% of the patients were operated. Massive transfusion was performed in 8 patients. The mean ETS value was calculated as 5.6, the mean ABC score was 2.5 and the mean TASH score was 19. The trauma transfusion scores of these patients were significantly higher. As a result, trauma transfusion scores are very useful for early detection of blood need of patients. Hypovolemic shock, which is an important cause of mortality in trauma patients, can be prevented with rapid and accurate blood transfusions. Keywords: trauma, transfusion, emergency medicine