Investigation of organogenesis and in vitro flowering possibilities in Saintpaulia varieties

In vitro flowering is very important in terms of ornamental plant biotechnology. Flowering of plants with high market value under natural conditions or by conventional methods is rather slow. Tissue culture in Plant Biotechnology shortens this process considerably. In this thesis, it is aimed to bloom in vitro conditions of some Saintpaulia sp. with high commercial value. The effects of hormones, media and photoperiod, which were thought to be effective on flowering in previous studies, were studied. BA, TDZ, NAA and Control groups were used as hormones. Different hormones, MS media and photoperiod were used in organogenesis and in vitro flowering studies. As the medium, MS Basal was preferred. MS Basal 4.4 g/L was used in organogenesis studies. Different amounts of MS Basal (4.4 g/L, 2.2 g/L and 1.1g/L) were used in the in vitro flowering study. The highest plant height was observed to be 2.75 cm in the pink flower colored Saintpaulia in the medium containing 4.4 g/L MS basal + 2 mg/L BA + 1 mg/L NAA. The highest number of leaves was obtained in the white flower colored African violet, 29.8 pieces in the medium containing 4.4 g/L MS basal + 2 mg/L BA + 1 mg/L TDZ. The maximum number of tillering coefficient was obtained in 12.80 pieces of pink flower colored African violet in medium containing 4.4 g/L MS basal + 2 mg/L BA + 1 mg/L NAA. The highest rooting percentage was determined as 31.03% in the medium containing 0.50 mg/L IBA in Saintpaulia with white and purple flowers. In order for the pink, purple and white colored Saintpaulia produced from organogenesis experiments to bloom in vitro, three different photoperiods with illumination durations, three different doses of MS basal and 6 different plant growth regulators were used as stress factors.