Determination of the various biological activities of allium lazikkiyense and its phenolic profile BY LC-MS/MS analysis

Allium species are consumed as food and used in the traditional treatment of various diseases such as haemorrhoids, earache, diabetes, poisoning, wounds and hypertension in many countries. The aim of this study is to phytochemical analysis with LC-MS/MS and measure in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer and anticancer activities of ethanol, methanol and dichloromethane extracts prepared from the aerial parts and onion peels of the endemic Allium lazikkiyense (Amaryllidaceae). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and iron reducing power were measured for determination of antioxidant potential of the extracts. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory effects were measured for determination of antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer activities of the extracts, respectively. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of the extracts on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) were measured to evaluate the anticancer activity. The results indicated that the major compounds in A. lazikkiense extracts were fumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, ascorbic acid and hyperoside in aerial parts and sarsapogenin, caffeic acid and fumaric acid in onion peels. It was observed that ethanol extracts had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in both aerial parts and onion peels. Also, the results showed that extracts of aerial part had strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity whereas the extracts of onion peels had potent cytotoxic effect. All the extracts exhibited low inhibitory activity against α-amylase, AChE and BChE. Our study revealed that the aerial parts and onion peels of A. lazikkiyense could be a natural source of the compounds possess antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities. Key Words: Allium lazikkiyense, Phenolic content, Antioxidant, Antidiabetes, Anti-Alzheimer, Anticancer The present work was supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University. Project No. 36957