Utilization of the alternative fuels in diesel engines technical and economical analysis

The requirement of energy is increasing due to industrialization and growing population day by day in the world. As a result of this, a lack of energy occurs in the entire world. So industrialized and newly industrialized countries appeal to the new energy sources for the purpose of providing the energy necessity. At the present time the main energy source of the motor vehicle industry is petroleum products. The negativities in the petroleum sources show that using of alternative sources will become widespread. The utility of alternative energy sources as ethanol, methanol, natural gas, hydrogen and biodiesel at present engines is the one of the subjects that the most of the researchers dwell upon about. In this study these alternative sources? utilities on diesel engines were investigated. The utility potentials of ethanol, methanol, natural gas, hydrogen and biodiesel on diesel engines and model tests and studies were investigated. When ethanol and methanol were used, partial decreases were seen on performance datas, some increases were fixed on emissions datas. Also it needs modifications on engine block and parts. When natural gas and hydrogen were used, decreases were seen on performances but occured positive opinions about utility for economic situtions. In the experimental study about biodiesel, used an engine of a city bus whic is 4 cycled and 6 cylindered. On the tests a few decreases were seen on performances about biodiesel but a very positive results were fixed on emission tests. Furthermore of these advantages, biodiesel has some negative features as high viskosity, low thermal rate and abrasive - corrosive effects on some materials. Key words : alternative fuels and sources, biodiesel, ethanol, methanol, hydrogen, natural gas, diesel motors