The stone human figure reliefs carved on mosques, madrasahs, hospitals, mental hospitals and tombs, dated to 12-14 centuries of the of the Anatolian architecture

The theme ofmy thesis is to research the human figural stone relieves carved on the mosques, madrasahs, hospitals, mental hospitals and the tombs between XII-XIV centuries in Anatolia. In order to figure out the symbolic meanings of these reliefs, a particular research has been done on these structures about the plans, architectural elements and the sides of the external or internal walls containing the human figural relieves, and also the life of the patrons, the architects, the craftsman and the epigraphs. When considering that period of XII-XIV centuries the social, cultural environment and the beliefs with the functions of the buildings is being researched, it can be seen that the same human figure reliefs are usually taking place in the same kinds of functional structures. When it is considered with the life of the patrons and the epigraphs, it shows that some of the human figural relieves involve secret symbolic meanings. Although some of the portrayals seem similar, there are some small details which make the figures different. Some of the figures carved schematically have a secret word; some don't have specific expressions, and just have mystical purposes while some of the others symbolizing the second subsidiary people. While searching the symbolic meanIngs of the human portrayals, the ancient Turkish beliefs and their macrocosmic system are searched. Some of the compositions seen on the structures are showing that their symbolic language emigrates from Middle East together with Turkmen's immigration to the West. After Islam, with the Islamic beliefs, cosmologic intelligence and the effects of the strong settled culture of Iran, a synthesis had occurred. v Especially, The Tomb of Hudavend Hatun in Nigde's human portrayals and the figurative compositions sum up the whole social and cultural climate with the beliefs of Turks until that time.