Determining the genetic difference of some world cotton genotypes using iPBS (inter-primer binding sequences) retrotransposon markers

Objective: This research was carried out with the aim of revealing the genetic differences of 30 cotton varieties from 14 countries using the iPBS-retrotransposon marker method. Material and Methods: The research was carried out as a result of growing 30 cotton varieties procured from the genetic stock of Nazilli Cotton Research Institute, under greenhouse conditions, and DNA isolation from fresh leaves. Genetic differences were determined by using iPBS marker method in PZR for 30 cotton varieties. Results: According to the genetic distance matrix obtained in the NTSYS-pc 2.10e program, the closest genotypes were determined to be between AzGR-11468 (Azerbaijan) and Maydos Yerlisi (India), and the similarity value between them was found to be 0.0318. The most distant genotypes were determined to be between Hill Cotton 3 (Bangladesh) and Shazbaz (Pakistan), and the similarity value between them was found to be 0.7572. When the dendogram created according to the UPGMA method was examined, it was observed that the similarity ratio between the genotypes varied between 0.03 and 0.69. 30 cotton varieties are divided into 2 groups. 30 cotton varieties are divided into 2 clades. The 1st clade is divided into 2 subclades. The 1st subclade is also divided into 2 groups within itself. 1st group consisted of 20 genotypes, 2nd group consisted of 6 genotypes. Subclade 2 consisted of 3 genotypes, while clade 2 consisted of only Hill Cotton 3 cultivars.. According to the Principal Components Analysis made in the JMP program, the graphic results and eigen values obtained on the two-dimensional plane also support these results. The first 3 eigenvalues explained 85% of the total variance in the population. Conclusion: The data obtained as a result of the research showed that Hill Cotton 3 (Bangladesh) (Gossypium arboreum) and Shazbaz (Pakistan) (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivars, in future cotton breeding studies which are the most distant relatives among 30 cotton genotypes, can be used as breeding material. It has also been demonstrated that iPBS markers are an effective method for genetic distinction of cotton.