Effect of the anther and ovule culture methods on embryo excitation in some of cyclamen species (C. cilicium, C. persicum and C. hederifolium)

The objective of this study was to obtain haploid embriyos from Cyclamen species which are cultivated and grown naturally in Turkey (Cyclamen cilicium, Cyclamen persicum and Cyclamen hederifolium) by using anther and ovüle culture technique. The unfertilized anther and ovüles were collected 2 or 3 days before anthesis. ½ MS medium were used containing 0.8 mg L-1 and 2 mg L-1 2,4 D plant growth combination in the experiment. As the carbon source sucrose was used 30 mg L-1 in ovüle culture and 90 mg L-1 in anther culture. Anthers treated in the dark at 5 ºC' for 2 days after transfering to the culture, then both anthers and ovüles kept in the dark at 25 °C for 8 weeks. The embryoids transfered to the MS medium containing 3% sucrose. As a result, conversion ratio of explants to the callus, conversion ratio of embryogenic callus to embryo, investigation of embryo stages were investigated for all Cyclamen species that used in this experiment. The most embryos formation was seen in anthers of C. cilicium, however any embryo formed in ovüles of C. hederifolium