The concept of "Müskilü'l-Qur'an" in Beyzâvî's commentary

Our study focuses on the "mushkilu'l-Qur'an" (difficulties in the Qur'an) in Beyzavi's exegesis, delving into his approach towards resolving these difficulties. Notably, the intriguing treatment of this subject in Beyzavi's widely taught tafsir has sparked curiosity. Our research comprises an introduction, two main sections, and a conclusion. The introduction encompasses the research topic, scope, significance, objectives, methodology, and sources. The first part of the first section provides information on Beyzavi's life, scholarly personality, and works, drawing from various historical texts. The second part of the first section delves into the lexical and terminological meanings of "mushkilu'l-Qur'an," related concepts, its emergence, historical development, causes of difficulties, and solutions, along with an examination of related studies, drawing on both early grammatical works and ulum al-Qur'an literature. The second section, our primary focus, explores the topic of "mushkilu'l-Qur'an" in Beyzavi's tafsir, aiming to discern his approach to resolving difficult verses. This section is divided into three parts: the first part examines verses related to Allah's essence, attributes, and actions; the second part analyzes verses concerning human essence, attributes, and actions, while the final part scrutinizes verses regarding metaphysical matters. Our investigation involves the study of numerous classical and contemporary sources, consulting academic works. Ultimately, we identify which groups of verses Beyzavi considers difficult and provide insights into his methodology for resolving them.