Powers and responsibilities of permanent members of the United Nations Security Council: A review in terms of theory and practice

The United Nations Security Council has had a controversial structure since the establishment of the UN Organization, and legal debates on the problem of its effectiveness have increased especially in recent times. In this study, the general structure of the United Nations Security Council and the powers and responsibilities of the five special states under international law are analyzed. The main purpose of this examination is to evaluate the extent to which the current structure is compatible with the principles and objectives of international law, which is the reason for its existence together with the United Nations system on which it is built. For this reason, in the first part of our study, we tried to examine the evolutionary historical process of international law until the establishment of the UN. An effort has been made to explain the ideas that underlie the basic aims and principles of the UN and the international law era it has created, and the political economy of these ideas. In the second part, the general structure, aims and principles of the United Nations are first explained. Subsequently, the structural situation of the UN Security Council, which is our main subject, is analyzed and the activities of the Council and its permanent members in the new international legal order are evaluated in the context of the objectives and principles of the UN. In the conclusion, a final assessment is made on the contradictions of the system in the context of the goal-effect relationship.