Determination and comparison of the intellectual capitals of the companies in the service index and the holding and investment indices on the BIST

Intellectual capital was a value owned by businesses before it was introduced as an idea in the 1960s, but it was considered goodwill according to the traditional accounting approach. After it was introduced in the 1960s, the concept of intellectual capital was not given due importance until the 1990s, and this issue was ignored. However, the changing age and the changes in the business structures it brought with it made the concept of intellectual capital more important for businesses and a subject that needs to be studied. Because, besides the tangible assets of the business, its intangible assets also gained value. With the prominence of many intangible assets such as the experience of business managers, patents, copyrights, customer relations, the concept of intellectual capital was given due importance, and the problem of calculating the value of intellectual capital arose. Calculation of intellectual capital, for the intangible assets of the enterprises that do not appear in the financial statements; it provides value and has benefited the business in important aspects such as credit evaluation, third party investment reviews and more accurate business management plans. Since intellectual capital is a new subject in terms of the studies carried out, it still does not have a generally accepted definition and definite calculation methods. However, with their studies, the authors refer to the concept of intellectual capital as all intangible assets owned by businesses in general terms. In this study, the analysis of intellectual capital, which has become increasingly important with the increasing importance of information for companies, has been made. Within the scope of the analysis, PD / DD, Tobin Q Ratio, HMOD and EVA methods from intellectual capital calculation methods were used and an analysis covering the years 2018-2020 was made for companies registered in BIST, Service Index, Holding and Investment Indices. In the first part of the study, the subject of intellectual capital and its historical development are mentioned in general terms. In the second part, the measurement of intellectual capital, and in the third part, the methods of measuring intellectual capital are mentioned. In the fourth part of the study, the companies registered in the BIST, Service Index and Holding and Investment Indices were analyzed, their intellectual capital values were calculated, and the status of the companies over the years and comparisons with other companies in the same index were made.