Determination of BRCA1 185delAG, 5382insC ve BRCA2 6174delT, V2466A mutations with multiplex polymerase chain reaction method in A single step

BRCA genes are the tumor suppressor genes which involved in multiprotein complexes, some of which to be held transcriptional synthesis of DNA and DNA damage recognition and repair of fractures especially in double helixes. In the absence of the function of the BRCA genes, DNA repair is disrupted and p53 dependent DNA degradation point is activated which causes to stop the apoptosis. The loss of the function of BRCA genes is related to BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations. Mutations in DNA repair genes, resulting in defects in DNA synthesis. Of these, 80% - 90% of the frame shift nonsense mutations, mostly point mutations or small deletions/insertions appear as a results. BRCA mutations associate with increase of the breast and ovarian cancer risc. Neighter of those, it was detected that it has relation between prostate and breast cancer in men. Five % - 10% of breast cancers, BRCA1, BRCA2 or both due to mutations that ocur in women predisposed herediter form. These mutations are not only risk factors for the breast cancer but also increases the risk of ovarian cancer. In the case of breast cancer, instiction of eighter BRCA1 mutation or BRCA2 mutation increase the risc factor of ovarian cancer at ten times. They also greatly increases the risk of breast and prostate cancers in men. With this thesis project in our country and in its hinterland frequently identified a total of 4 BRCA mutations multiplex PCR method with a single step can be worked will be made. Thus the presence of these four mutation can be determined quickly screening test prototype was obtained.