The investigation of the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the tanning agent dihydroxyacetone on healthy skin fibroblasts

Cosmetics have been used by people for many years. In ancient times, products obtained from natural materials such as different plant parts have become very diverse with the development of technology. This diversity has brought with it a move away from naturalness and difficulty in foreseeing the problems that may arise in the long run. It should be considered that every product that we use frequently in our daily life may have the potential to cause cancer, one of the most important health problems of our age, and in the light of studies in this field, products should be made safe for health. In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of dihydroxyacetone, which is in the content of tanning products used for cosmetic purposes, on the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. For this purpose, the cytotoxic effects of dihydroxyacetone were evaluated using the XTT test and clonogenic test, and the genotoxic effects were evaluated by applying the comet test and annexin-V test. In addition to these tests, the change in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen derivatives that may be caused by dihydroxyacetone was measured using the ROS test. Cytotoxicity tests show that dihydroxyacetone causes a decrease in viability in the L929 cell line depending on the concentration. Tail length, tail % DNA and olive tail moment parameters were evaluated depending on the doses of dihydroxyacetone in the comet test, and significant increases were found when compared to the control group. In the measurement of ROS, it was observed that there was an increase in intracellular ROS compared to the doses of dihydroxyacetone applied. As a result of the Annexin-V test in the L929 cell line, it was observed that the apoptotic potential increased significantly depending on the dose increase. Key words: Dihydroxyacetone (DHA), cytotoxicty, genotoxicity, , Anticancer, L929, Annexin-V assay, Clonogenic assay, ROS assay, XTT assay