Development of different sterilization methods in the production of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze) by tissue culture and their evaluation potential in landscape architecture

In this study, the genetics of the tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) plant of the Theaceae family, which is a widely known and important beverage worldwide, and a very important product for the income of local farmers in Turkey, produced by seed production. It is aimed to develop an appropriate sterilization method to prevent variation and to ensure clonal reproduction by tissue culture method. Thus, by eliminating genetic variation, tea. It is aimed to increase the quality of our gardens and to shed light on the producers for their mass production, as well as to determine the use potential in landscape architecture and to bring them to our parks and gardens, thus contributing to the economy of the region and the country. For this purpose, axilla shoots taken in three different seasons were sterilized with different concentrations of NaOCl, Quadris max, Nystatin and Flucanazole for the four best Turkish tea varieties (Black, white, green and oolong) determined as a result of the selection stage. As a result of the trials, it was seen that the success was low in the classical method containing only NaOCl, and the increase in NaOCl concentration caused the shoots to darken. It was noted that the sterilization protocol we developed within the scope of the study significantly increased the percentage of shoot life in all three seasons of application. The axillary buds, in which the sterilization protocol developed by adding different doses of anti-agent application step to the classical method, was applied, were cultured in MS medium. At the end of four weeks in cultured explants, the highest survival percentage, respectively; 94% at 1% concentration of Quadriss Maxx, 79% at 5% concentration of Flucanazole, and 55% at 25% concentration of Nystatin were recorded in summer explants. In addition, the potential for use of tea in landscape architecture has been revealed in this study with the help of literature. Key words: Sterilization, Tissue culture, microproduction, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze, tea