Autogenous bone graft versus enriched bone graft matrix as the sticky bone to effect on vertical and horizontal bone regeneration on the atrophic mandible: Radiologic and histomorphologic examination

Aim: The aim of this study was evaluated the histological and radiological effects of autogenous bone graft and sticky bone techniques on new bone formation in patients who have bilateral atrophic posterior mandible which needed dental implant treatment. Material and Method: This study was conducted with 13 patients (8 female, 5 male) who have bilaterally atrophic mandible and applied to dental implant treatment to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir. This prospective study, including composed of two groups was planned, with one side autogenous bone graft as a control group and other side as a test group with enriched bone graft matrix which was made with utilizing injectable platelet rich fibrin (i-PRF). The predictor variable was i-PRF fibrin material implementation and the differences between the study groups. The primary outcome was examined to bone formation and bone volume using Kodak Imagine Software Program, six months postoperatively. The secondary outcome variable was compared to new bone formation, residuel graft materials and connective tissue values. The other outcome variable was also examined to complication rate of the study groups. Data was computed and P value was set at .05 that considered significant. Results: This prospective study was completed with 11 patients (7 female, 4 male; mean age 50,92). Clinical complications were not statistically significant between groups (p>0,05). When vertical bone gain was compared within study groups, the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significance when horizontal bone measurements were compared between groups (p<0.05). Histopathologically, greft values in test group was significantly lower than control group (p<0,05). Although, bone formation in test group was higher than control group, the differences were not statistically significant (p>0,05). Conclusion: Although autogenous bone graft is a gold standart to bone augmentation procedures, it affects patient comfort postoperatively due to trauma. In addition, the augmentation surgeries by using particulate graft materials could be an alternative to traditional techniques via horizontally. It was evaluated that platelet concentrations were contributed bone regeneration in histological analysis. Therefore, it was thought that enriched bone matrix as sticky bone can be sufficient results especially in proper indications. Key words: Atrophic mandible; Bone augmentation; Autogenous block bone graft; Platelet concentrations; Tent pole technique; Sticky bone.