Evaluation of piaglitazone effects on the experimental sciatic nerve injury model

Peripheral nerve injuries are common conditions that include various symptoms based on the damaged nerves included and have serious results. Although there is a lot of information about mechanisms of injury and regeneration, there are few reliable treatment methods that provide full functional recovery. In this study, the effects of systemic and composite nanofiber pioglitazone treatment and after peripheral nerve injury were examined in the rat test model. In this study, 40 Wistar Albino adult male rats were used. The subjects were divided into 5 groups, 8 rats in each group. Functional walking analysis values, light microscope study, electron microscope study and S-100 evaluation were conducted among the groups.Biochemically, Native Thiol, Total Thiol, Disulfide, Disulfide/Native Thiol, Disulfide/Total Thiol, Native Thiol/Total Thiol, IMA (absu), Albumin, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), Interleukin -6 (IL-6), Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS) values were compared. Statistically significant difference was found between the non-treatment second group and third group treated with composite nanofiber method (p:0, 02259), fourth group intraperitoneal pioglitazone (p:0,0098) according to sciatic functional index results. Sciatic functional index values in groups treated with pioglitazone were found significantly higher than non-treatment groups. Native Thiol /Total Thiol values which are effective in regulating oxidative injury were found significantly higher in groups that had pioglitazone treatment (p<0,0001). The Disulfide, Disulfide/Native Thiol levels which indicate the shift towards the oxidative direction were observed significantly higher in groups that are not treated (p<0,0110, p<0,0001). It was observed that TNF values which are inflammation markers reduced significantly in groups had Pioglitazone treatment (p<0,0001). In pioglitazone treatment groups, it was observed that the axonal damage was lower than those of non-treatment groups, and that the S-100 expressions in Schwann cells were higher density than those without treatment.In groups that had Pioglitazone treatment, Sciatic functional index values were close to control group but in non-treatment groups, it was observed that there was no improvement in Sciatic functional index values. There were significant differences in the TNF, Native Thiol, Total Thiol, Disulfide, IMA, Albumin, TAS, TOS, Disulfide/Native Thiol, Disulfide/Total Thiol values. It was found that systemic and composite nanofiber Pioglitazone treatment was significantly effective in traumatic peripheral nerve injury treatment and medicine with composite nanofiber method had better results compared to systemic medicine.