Determining the nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who apply to diabetes center

This study is conducted to determine the nutritional status of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This study is carried out selected by random sampling method that patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, aged between 36-78, 84 female and 66 male participation of 150 individuals, who applicated from Maltepe and nearby counties to the Turkey Diabetes Foundation- Küçükyalı Internal Medicine Center in September 2012-February 2013. In this research, induvidials' general information, food consumption status, physical activity patterns was recorded and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated from anthropometric measurements by resercher. HbA1c levels of the participants is taken from the center. According to The World Health Organization (WHO) BMI classification; 69.0% of women members and 50.6% of men members are obese individuals. 28.0% of individuals are making physical activity regularly. HbA1c average of women members is %8.15 ± 1.52 while male individuals %7.85% ± 1.55 and metabolic regulation is founded significantly higher than target values in both groups. Avarage of patient's HbA1C has significant statistical difference between participants who consulted regularly with dietition for Medical Nutrition Therapy and who not. In the direction of "Dietary Guidelines for Türkiye" and "Diabetes Dieticians Association (DİYED)'s Evidence-Based Diabetes Prevention and Treatment of Nutritional Therapy Guidelines -2014" patients' daily carbohydrate consumptions are under the suggestions, protein consumptions are within the suggestions and fat consumptions are well above the suggestions. In accordance with the recommendations, it has been demonstrated that the participants' daily consumption of saturated fat is two times more than the suggestions. Patients with diabetes, intakes of vitamins A, K, B2, B12, C and zinc, iron, phosphorus, iodine, potassium minerals are sufficient; intakes of vitamin B1, B6, D and mineral calcium and magnesium and for women vitamin E, are under of the recommendations. It was determined that women meets the recommendation of daily amount of fruits and vegetables, while the men were found to be under the proposal. Diabetic men's salt consumptions are over of the proposal. Results are shown that patients with diabetes should take Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) from dietitian regularly to improve the their metabolic control. Medical Nutrition Therapy should aims to providing adaquate and balanced energy intake, individual requirements, to be able to necessary changes, the willingness to change and must be practicable by people with diabetes. Physical activity should be encouraged to support weight loss and metabolic control of the patients of diabetes.