Determination of yield, quality and some biochemical properties of Ferragnes and Ferraduel almond cultivars grown as organic and traditional in the Egil district of Diyarbakir

This study was carried out in organic and traditional almond orchardings established with varieties of Ferragnes and Ferraduel almonds in Egil district of Diyarbakır province in Turkey. In this context, the fruit weight with shell, almond kernel weight and internal ratio of the varieties ranged from 2.03 to 3.95 g, from 0.65 to 1.24 g and from 21.10 to 37.82%, respectively. The varieties were found to be closed suture and sweet. Double and twin kernels in this study were not found. The protein content of the varieties ranged from 25.31 to 31.38%. Because these values are quite high, they can be evaluated for dieting, especially for unhealthy people with hypertension. The moisture, ash and oil contents of the varieties ranged from 2.40 to 3.05%, from 2.86 to 4.20% and from 40.00 to 56.80%, respectively. In this study, the potassium content of the macro elements in this study has the highest value with 463.32-1114.06 mg100g-1. Phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, which have the highest values after this mineral, have contents of from 373.49 to 780.68 mg100 g-1, from 213.90 to 545.12 mg100 g-1 and from 205.81 to 293.80 mg100 g-1, respectively. However, the contents of sodium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese in the group of microelements ranged from 0.02 to 3.18 mg100 g -1, from 5.45 to 12.22 mg 100 g-1, from 4.49 to 7.63 mg100 g-1, from 1.37 to 2.11 mg100 g-1 and from 1.28 to 2.21 mg100 g-1 respectively. Of the monounsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid has the highest value of from 66.45 to 78.62%. The content of linoleic acid, stearic and palmitoleic acid in the polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged from 11.20 to 22.64%, from 1.71 to 3.12% and from 0.77 to 1.10%, respectively. The contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 8.27 to 10.94%, from 66.30 to 80.25%, from 11.24 to 22.69 and from 89.38 to 95.78%, respectively. This study is very important because it is the first time in the world and in our country in the same town. Similar work needs to be done in other regions. Therefore, it is hoped that this thesis work will be a good guide for researchers.