Natural ventilation and simulation-based analysis of factors affecting natural ventilation systems: The case of İstanbul

In today's world, where energy consumption is increasing gradually, it should be aimed to save energy with natural ventilation by considering the structure's energy-efficient design criteria instead of active (mechanical) ventilation systems that consume energy. The basic principle of natural ventilation is to optimize the air quality at a certain level, which is important for human health, by ensuring that the wind, which is a renewable energy source, is directed in the internal environment of the building and the external environment. In the literature part of this study; an explanation of the concept of natural ventilation and ventilation systems, factors affecting natural ventilation systems, and information about the natural ventilation methods that the designer should pay attention to natural ventilation methods are given. In the application section; The factors affecting natural ventilation through the mixed-use Sapphire structure located in Istanbul province were examined by simulation method. The region selected as the application area has an urban texture with dense construction, streets, and streets that intersect each other, as well as adjacent regular and discrete regular structures. The selected urban texture was simulated in the Autodesk CFD program by analyzing the climatic data and the prevailing wind direction of the work area modeled by BIM (Building Information Modeling) systems through the Autodesk Revit program. The effect of wind direction, facade openings, structure orientation, and spatial organization on natural ventilation has been studied. The simulations determined the wind speed as 8 km/h by keeping it constant. In the "results and recommendations" section, which is the last part of the study, the concept of natural ventilation, which is effective in energy-efficient building design, effective design parameters, and the relationship of these parameters to each other are evaluated and design suggestions that should be taken into account are presented.