Morphological orientation for anomalous recitations in the book of Irabu Al-qiraat Al-shawaz of Al-'Ukbari

The Holy Quran is considered the greatest miraculous book, with its inimitability, various recitations, and organized structure, which scholars, both Muslims and Orientalists, have studied and analyzed extensively. Their studies have resulted in numerous publications, including their focus on both frequent and anomalous recitations. However, the frequent recitations have received more attention than the anomalous ones. Therefore, this study focuses on two aspects: the first is to study anomalous recitations in one of the most prominent works that serve as linguistic evidence for them, and the second is to shed light on the efforts of one of the most famous defenders of these recitations, in terms of their orientation and justification. This study is titled "Morphological Orientation for Anomalous Recitations in the Book of Parsing the Anomalous Recitations of Al-'Ukbari (d. 616/1219)". Based on what was previously mentioned, the study covered the presentation of Abu Al-Baqaa's methodology in orienting the anomalous recitations morphologically. The researcher relied on a descriptive approach, using inductive reasoning to gather the morphological material of the anomalous recitations included from Al-'Ukbari's book, and citing their sources. The researcher relied on books of anomalous recitations and then on exegeses, also extracting poetry and explaining some of its ambiguous words. Additionally, the researcher introduced some notable scholars and relied on a methodical analysis of the recitations, in accordance with the requirements of the morphological research, in terms of their division, classification, and distribution into the sections and subsections that were identified before the morphological material was presented. The internal structure of the study was compiled in accordance with Abu Al-Baqaa's orienting methodology, as well as compared to the opinions of the scholars who preceded and followed him. The researcher attempted, through his study, to encompass the anomalous recitations oriented by Abu Al-Baqaa' morphologically, and classified them under the chapters of morphology that he specified for them. The study was structured according to the chapters and divisions of morphology, but in its internal structure, it followed the approach of Abu Al-Baqaa' in orienting the anomalous recitations. It was composed of an introduction, a preface, four chapters, and a conclusion. The introduction presented the research topic, its problem, objectives, significance, and the methodology followed, in addition to mentioning some of the previous studies on it. Then it delved into the limits of the research and its outline, ending with acknowledgments. The preface provided a definition of the basic research terms, as well as a brief summary of Al-'Ukbari's life and his book. Chapter one studied the morphological orientation of verbs in the anomalous recitations, while chapter two dealt with the morphological orientation of nouns in the anomalous recitations. Chapter three addressed the phenomenon of morphological variation in the anomalous recitations. The fourth chapter discussed the criticism of that orientation in the preceded chapters and evaluated it in various aspects, including the position of previous scholars on anomalous recitations morphologically. It then clarified the position of Abu Al-Baqaa' regarding the anomalous reciters and recitations and presented the rules on which he based his orientation on the recitations, as well as some critiques of his approach and its impact on later scholars. The research concluded with a number of results that illustrate Abu Al-Baqaa's method in orienting the anomalous recitations morphologically. He approached this in various ways, relying on disciplines such as morphology, syntax, and rhetoric. The study also highlighted his unique approach in orienting a significant number of anomalous recitations. Additionally, it showed that Abu Al-Baqaa's orientation in his book predominantly focuses on morphology, as most of the recitations are based on a single word, which is the specialization of morphology, and dealt with its structure and the changes that occur in its form and meaning.