The naturel disasters and epidemic diseases in the Omayyads and Abbasid periods

Natural disasters such as droughts, famines, earthquakes, floods and epidemics are the main factors that adversely affect human welfare and life. As long as measures are not taken against these factors and unless they are not prepared, the consequences can be heavier than human beings can afford. These factors can affect many people's health as well as they can also have difficuty in surviving their lives. These negativities will adversely affect not only the human beings but also the living beings in the area where they are living and the nature and those will lead several harms such as from the wastage of the animals to the ineffectiveness of the soil and the devastation of the living areas to the appearance of the epidemic diseases. In this study, natural disasters and epidemics were determined especially considering the period of the Umayyads and Abbasids in the geography of Islam of Middle Ages and the effects of social life were examined. Natural disasters and epidemic diseases that took place during this period were revealed in the light of historical sources together with other officials. Key Words: Natural Disasters, Epidemics, Umayyads, Abbasids