Characterisation of biochar produced from raw peach pits using different pyrolysis systems

n this thesis, sustainable biochar production was aimed by using controlled and uncontrolled pyrolysis systems. The design and manufacturing of the systems used in the study were completed in the Compost and Biogas Laboratory of Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Machinery and Technologies Engineering. Peach pits, which are found as waste in fruit juice factories, were used as material in the systems that are working smoothly. In this study, biochar produced by pyrolysis from four different systems were compared. The systems were electric resistance, waste mineral oil as fuel, traditional direct combustion kontiki system and retort method were used to produce biochar. Basic analyses and subsequent FT-IR, SEM, EDS and XRD analyses of the biochar produced were carried out. When these results are compared, it is aimed to determine which biochar produced from which system is of better quality. The pH, moisture, ash and heavy metal content of all biochar produced were in compliance with the Council of Europe Fertilisers Regulation. Biochar standards set by the International Biomass Initiative. It was determined that the biochar produced has C content close to hard coal and high calorific values